What are antioxidants and what do they do?

Your body has a powerful ally in the ongoing battle against cellular damage: antioxidants. These unsung heroes are essential for our wellness, but what actually are they and how can we make sure we're getting enough?

Every day, your body performs countless chemical reactions and natural by-products of these processes are unstable molecules called free radicals.^1,2 Think of these as tiny troublemakers that are missing a piece. To become stable, they try to steal that missing piece from healthy cells, which causes damage. This process is known as oxidation and when you have more free radicals than your body can handle, it leads to a state called oxidative stress. But don't fret, because this is where antioxidants come in.^3,4,5,6

Simply put, antioxidants protect the cells in your body from free radicals.⁸ They act as a vital shield for your body's cells, helping to prevent the daily wear and tear that can lead to longer-term issues. This cellular protection has a direct impact on your overall health, from supporting your immune system to protecting vital organs like your heart and your brain.⁷ On a more visible level, antioxidants can also play a key role in fighting the signs of ageing, by protecting skin cells from environmental damage, such as sun exposure and pollution.⁹

Nutrients like vitamins A, C and E, plus the minerals copper, zinc and selenium are all considered nutrient antioxidants.^10,11,12,13 Other compounds, like the phytochemicals and polyphenols found in plants, are considered non-nutrient antioxidants.^14,15 Your body can make its own antioxidants but benefits from a helping hand (like your diet) when it comes to the intake of certain types, like vitamins C and E.¹⁶

The most effective way to get antioxidants is through a varied and colourful diet. By eating a wide range of whole foods, you can provide your body with a powerful mix of these beneficial compounds.¹⁷ And the good news is that many of us are probably eating lots of antioxidant foods without thinking twice about it.

Your body makes antioxidants and you can get plenty of them through a healthy, balanced diet, but antioxidant supplements exist too. The catch? Well, the jury's out on whether we actually need to take them. Some research points to some people benefiting from them, like those who can't digest foods properly or those who can't access antioxidant-rich foods due to income or location.¹⁹ Ultimately though, it's best to check with a healthcare professional before taking.

Antioxidants are important compounds that defend your body from the effects of free radicals and help to prevent oxidative stress. By protecting your cells from damage, they're so essential for supporting your overall health and wellness.  The best way to harness their benefits is simple: focus on eating a varied and colourful diet – by choosing a rainbow of fruits and vegetables, you can naturally support your body.

Disclaimer – This article provides informational advice and is not a substitute for medical care. Working with experts for accuracy, we take great care to ensure the information is up-to-date and relevant. However, you should always consult your GP or healthcare professional before using supplements or alternative products, particularly if you have medical conditions or are under supervision.